We present a scheme of the high-precise three-dimensional (3D) localizationby the measurement of the atomic-level population. The scheme is applied to afour-level tripod-type atom coupled by three strong standing waves and a proberunning wave. As a result, the atom can be localized in volumes that aresubstantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength. The upper-leveldistribution depends crucially on the atom-field coupling and it forms 3Dperiodic structures composed of spheres, hourglasses, bowls, donuts, ordeformed barrels.
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